Solenoid valves are devices that allow electricity to control the flow of a liquid or air though it. The electrical current flows through a coil which which activates a magnet. This magnet moves a metal piece that either opens or closes the valve depending on its resting state. Once the current is cut off a spring returns the metal piece to its original; position.

A simple concept perhaps but a bit difficult to define. They consist of a valve, a metal coil, a magnet and a spring. The coil receives the electricity and uses it to charge the magnet. Once activated the magnet opens of closes the metal valve stop. After the charge is stopped the spring returns the metal piece to its original position. Because they are controlled by electricity and not a mechanical process, they make it possible for computers to control the opening and closing of the valve.

The original position of the metal is directly related to the intended use of the valve. If the machine requires constant flow of liquid or gas then the resting position would be open and electricity would be required to close it and keep it that way. If the machines only needs free flow of the item at specific times then the resting position would be closed and current would be needed to open it.

As you might imagine, these valves are found in a great many mechanical things from large to small. They help to make factory automation possible and keep your car’s engine running. They can be found in any hydraulic system and even have uses in the medical field by allowing medication to be delivered by computer. This ensures a very accurate dosing.

Take for example a factory that bottles soda. A central computer sends a signal to the solenoid valves that control the flow of soda into the bottles. After a predetermined amount of soda enters the bottle, the valve is closed until the next bottle is ready to be filled. Not only is this significantly faster than doing it manually but the increased accuracy of amounts released decreases waste.

These valves are also a vital part of today’s cars. When you depress the gas pedal the car’s computer sends a charge to the solenoid valve that controls the flow of fuel. It opens and releases the required amount. When you take your foot off the pedal the current stops and the fuel valve closes again.

Solenoid valves are somewhat complex little devices that have a multitude of uses. If you drive a car, operate a hydraulic jack or work in a fully automated factory, your job is made easier by one or more of these devices. The world would be a vastly different place without them.

solenoid valves

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